European Sociological Review Advance Access published online on August 6, 2009
European Sociological Review, doi:10.1093/esr/jcp040
Overstating Value Change: Question Ordering in the Postmaterial Values Index
Correspondence: Bruce Tranter, School of Sociology and Social Work, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia. Email: Bruce.Tranter{at}utas.edu.au
Correspondence: Mark Western, The University of Queensland, Institute for Social Science Research, Brisbane, Australia. Email: m.western{at}uq.edu.au
In much of his research on intergenerational value change, Inglehart uses a four-item index to calculate levels of postmaterial and material value orientations. Latter waves of the World Values Surveys administer a 12-item values index in which the original four-item index is embedded. In some of his research, Inglehart compares values estimated from stand-alone and embedded indices. Using a split sample design, we administered two versions of the longer values index to national probability samples of Australian adults and detected question-ordering effects. Proportions of postmaterialists relative to materialists were inflated when the four-item index was embedded in the longer values index. Comparing estimates of postmaterial values from stand-alone indices with indices embedded in the longer values measure is an unreliable method of assessing change in value orientations, as it overestimates the magnitude of value change over time.
Manuscript received: June 1, 2008.